လြယ္ကူေလ့လာသဒၵါသင္ခန္းစာ (Uncount nouns and proper nouns - ေရတြက္၍ မရေသာ နာမ္မ်ား ႏွင့္ ကိုယ္ပိုင္နာမ္မ်ား)

    Posted by Forum Moderator 3 on January 30, 2014 at 16:13 in အဂၤလိပ္စာ သိေကာင္းစရာ အျဖာျဖာ

Uncount nouns ေရတြက္၍ မရေသာ နာမ္မ်ား

အဂၤလိပ္ဘာသာစကားတြင္ တစ္ခ်ိဳ႕ေသာနာမ္မ်ားသည္ ေရတြက္၍ မရေသာ နာမ္မ်ား ျဖစ္ၾကသည္။ ဤတြင္ ဘာသာစကား တစ္ခုႏွင့္ တစ္ခု count / uncount ဟု သတ္မွတ္ပံု ကြာျခားတတ္ပါသည္။ အဂၤလိပ္စကားတြင္ water သည္ uncount အျဖစ္သံုးေသာ္လည္း ျမန္မာစကားတြင္ ထိုသို႔ သံုးစြဲဟန္ မရွိပါ။ ေၾကာ္ၾကားသည့္ ျမန္မာ သႀကၤန္သီခ်င္း “ေရေရေတြ စိုကုန္ၿပီ” က ဤသည္ကို ညႊန္းျပေနသည္။

အဂၤလိပ္ဘာသာတြင္ ေရတြက္၍ မရသည့္  uncount noun မ်ားအား အမ်ားကိန္း အျဖစ္ မသုံးပါ။ တစ္ခုကိန္း ကဲ့သို႔သာ အသံုးျပဳၾကသည္။

ဥပမာ

    We ate a lot of foods > We ate a lot of food.
    We bought some new furnitures > We bought some new furniture.

ထို႔ေၾကာင့္ a/an စသည့္ စကားလံုးမ်ားႏွင့္လည္း တြဲသံုးေလ့မရွိပါ။

    That’s a useful information > That’s useful information.

သို႔ရာတြင္ တစ္ခ်ိဳ႕ေသာ ပမာဏျပသည့္ စကားလံုးမ်ားႏွင့္ တြဲသံုးႏိုင္သည္။

ဥပမာ

    He gave me some useful advice.
    They gave us a lot of information.

မွတ္ရန္မွာ

Uncount noun ေရတြက္၍ မရေသာ နာမ္အမ်ားစုသည္

    Substances: ထုထည္ ကိုယ္ ျဒပ္အစုအေ၀း (အရည္၊ အမႈန္႕၊ အေစ႔မ်ား) ႏွင့္ ဆိုင္သည့္ နာမ္မ်ား  food; water; wine; salt; bread; iron
    Human feelings or qualities: လူ႔ခံစားခ်က္ႏွင့္ အရည္အခ်င္းမ်ား anger; cruelty; happiness; honesty; pride;
    Activities: ေဆာင္ရြက္ခ်က္မ်ား help; sleep; travel; work
    Abstract ideas: ကိုင္တြယ္၍ မရသည့္ စိတ္ကူးစိတ္သန္းမ်ား။ beauty; death; fun; life

တို႕ကိုရည္ညႊန္းေလ့ရွိသည္။

တစ္ခ်ိဳ႕စကားလံုးမ်ားသည္ ျမန္မာစကားတြင္္ ေရတြက္္၍ ရေသာ္လည္း အဂၤလိပ္စကားတြင္ ေရတြက္၍ မရေသာ နာမ္ျဖစ္ေနတတ္သည္။ ၄င္းတို႔မွာ

homework
baggage
equipment
furniture
advice
information
traffic   
luggage   
machinery   
money   
knowledge   
news

    Let me give you some advice. မင္းကို အႀကံတစ္ခ်ိဳ႕ေပးပါရေစ။
    How much luggage have you got? ခရီးေဆာင္အိတ္ ဘယ္ႏွစ္လံုး ပါလဲ။

သူတို႔ကို အေရအတြက္ျဖင့္ သံုးခ်င္ပါက ေအာက္ပါ expression မ်ားႏွင့္ တြဲသံုးရမည္။

a piece of               pieces of
a bit of                   bits of
an item of              items of
*a piece of   
*pieces of   
*a bit of   
*bits of   
*an item of   
*items of

    Let me give you a piece of advice.
    That’s a useful piece of equipment.
    We bought a few bits of furniture for the new apartment.
    She had six separate items of luggage.

ေလ့က်င့္ခန္း

Uncount nouns ေအာက္ပါ ၀ါက်တို႔ကို ေပးထားေသာ စကားလံုးမ်ားထဲမွ သင့္ေတာ္ရာျဖင့္ ျဖည့္ပါ။

advice     furniture       traffic       news   homework     luggage
information     knowledge   equipment     money
|
1.  I'm sorry I'm late. I got stuck in ________
2.  I like camping, but you have to take a lot of ________ .
3.  For further ________  please contact your local council.
4.  He didn't make much ________ , but he liked the job.
5.  The room looks empty; there are only a few pieces of ________
6.  If you want my ________ , I'd sell it as soon as possible.
7.  That's the best ________  I've heard for ages!
8.  You can't go outside until your ________  is finished.
9.  I'm afraid your ________  is over the 20kg limit.
10. Her ________  in this area is very expressive.

Proper nouns

names: လူ၊ တိိရစ ၦာန္၊ ေနရာ ႏွင့္အဖြဲ႕အစည္းတို႔၏ မွည့္ေခၚထားေသာ ကိုယ္ပိုင္အမည္ကို proper noun ဟုေခၚသည္။ သူ႔ကို အျခား noun မ်ားႏွင့္ မတူ သိသာသည့္အခ်က္မွာ စာလံုးႀကီးႏွင့္ စ၍ ေရး သည္။

Mohammed Ali; Birmingham; China; Oxford University, the United Nations

festivals: ပြဲေတာ္အမည္မ်ားကို လည္း စာလံုးႀကီးျဖင္ ့စ ေရးသည္။

Christmas; Deepawali; Easter; Ramadan; Thingyan

title: လူတစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက၏ဘြဲ႕အမည္ကိုလည္း စာလံုးႀကီးျဖင့္စေရးသည္။

I was talking to Doctor Wilson recently.
Everything depends on President Obama.

စာအုပ္၊ ႐ုပ္ရွင္၊ ျပဇာတ္၊ ပန္းခ်ီကား စသည္တို႔၏ ေခါင္းစဥ္အမည္ ေရးသည့္အခါ nouns, adjectives and verbs စကားလံုးတို႔ကို အႀကီးျဖင့္ စ ေရးရသည္။

I have been reading ‘The Old Man and the Sea’.
You can see the Mona Lisa in the Louvre.

တစ္ခါတစ္ရံမွာ ဖန္တီးသူကို သူဖန္တီးတဲ့ အရာေတြ အစား ရည္ညႊန္းေလ့ရွိပါသည္။

Recently a Van Gogh was sold for fifteen million dollars.
We were listening to Mozart.
I’m reading an Agatha Christie.

ေလ့က်င့္ခန္း
မွန္သည့္၀ါက်ကိုေရြးပါ။

1. a. In which month does ramadan fall this year?
   b. In which month does Ramadan fall this year?

2. a. She studied engineering at imperial College.
   b. She studied Engineering at Imperial College.

3. a. He served in the United Nations peacekeeping Force.
   b. He served in the United Nations Peacekeeping Force.

4. a. Is it true you can see the Great Wall from space?
   b. Is it true you can see the Great Wall from space?

5. a. There are some wonderful Goyas in the Prado.
   b. There are some wonderful goyas in the Prado.

6. a. Have you ever read 'A Tale of two Cities'?
   b. Have you ever read 'A Tale of Two Cities'?


Answers

Uncount nouns : 1. traffic, 2. equipment, 3. information, 4. money, 5. furniture

6.advice 7. news, 8. homework, 9. luggage, 10. knowledge

Proper nouns: 1.b, 2.a, 3.b, 4. a, 5.a, 6. b

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Read more: လြယ္ကူေလ့လာသဒၵါသင္ခန္းစာ (Uncount nouns and proper nouns - ေရတြက္၍ မရေသာ နာမ္မ်ား ႏွင့္ ကိုယ္ပိုင္နာမ္မ်ား) - Myanmar Network http://www.myanmar-network.net/forum/topic/show?id=3423487%3ATopic%3A1016794&xgs=1&xg_source=msg_share_topic#ixzz2rwpkTQoQ